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Understanding the Different Types of Ear Infections

The ear is made up of three sections: the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. Each of these areas is susceptible to infections, which can be painful. Young children have a greater tendency to get earaches. While most ear pain resolves itself in a matter of days, you should get a physical examination to understand the type of infection, prevent it from spreading, and obtain treatment to help alleviate the pain.

Outer Ear Infection (Otitis Externa)

Also known as Swimmer's Ear, outer ear infections result from an inflammation, often bacterial, in the outer ear. Generally, they happen when water, sand, or dirt enters the ear canal. Moisture in the air or swimming makes the ear more susceptible to this ear infection. Symptoms include severe pain, itching, redness, and swelling in the outer ear. There may also be some fluid drainage. The pain is often worse when chewing or pulling on the ear. Be sure to see a doctor to reduce pain and prevent other long-term effects on the ear.

Complications from untreated otitis externa may include hearing loss, recurring ear infections, and bone and cartilage damage. Typically, your doctor will prescribe eardrops that block bacterial growth. In more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics and pain medication. Most outer ear infections resolve in seven to 10 days.

Background media

Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media)

Middle ear infections can be caused by either bacterial or viral infections. These infections may be triggered by airborne or foodborne allergies, infections elsewhere in the body, nutritional deficiencies, or a blocked Eustachian tube. A thick, glue-like fluid may be discharged from the middle ear in chronic cases. Treatment is contingent on the cause of the infection. It ranges from analgesic eardrop medications to the surgical insertion of a tube to drain fluid from the middle ear or an adenoidectomy.

Inner Ear Infection (Otitis Interna)

Also known as labyrinthitis, inner ear infections are most commonly caused by other infections in the body, particularly sinus, throat, or tooth infections. Symptoms include dizziness, fever, nausea, vomiting, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Always seek medical attention if you think you may have an inner ear infection.

If you suspect you or your child may have an ear infection, contact Coastal Ear Nose & Throat and schedule an appointment with one of our otolaryngologists.

Disclaimer: The information on this website is provided for educational and information purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult with a licensed medical provider and follow their recommendations regardless of what you read on this website. If you think you are having a medical emergency, dial 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. Links to other third-party websites are provided for your convenience only. If you decide to access any of the third-party websites, you do so entirely at your own risk and subject to the terms of use for those websites. Neither Coastal Ear Nose & Throat, nor any contributor to this website, makes any representation, express or implied, regarding the information provided on this website or any information you may access on a third-party website using a link. Use of this website does not establish a doctor-patient relationship. If you would like to request an appointment with a health care provider, please call our office at (386) 677-8808.

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